23V50.9415
Vanadium
Transition Metal
Solid at STP
Period 4Group 5Block DDiscovered 1801
[Ar]4s2 3d3
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery grey, ductile and malleable transition metal. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation.
📖 Read more on Wikipedia →Atomic Properties
| Atomic Number | 23 |
| Atomic Mass | 50.9415 u |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar]4s2 3d3 |
| Oxidation States | +5, +4, +3, +2 |
| Electronegativity | 1.63 (Pauling) |
| Atomic Radius | 179 pm |
| Ionization Energy | 6.746 eV |
| Electron Affinity | 0.525 eV |
| Block | D |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | blue-silver-grey metal |
| Standard State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 2183 K (1909.8 °C) |
| Boiling Point | 3680 K (3406.8 °C) |
| Density | 6 g/cm³ |
| Molar Heat | 24.89 J/(mol·K) |
| CPK Color | #A6A6AB |
Classification
| Category | Transition Metal |
| Group Block | Transition metal |
| Period | 4 |
| Group | 5 |
| Block | D |
Discovery
| Year Discovered | 1801 |
| Discovered By | Andrés Manuel del Río |
| Named By | Isotopes of vanadium |
| Electron Shells | 2, 8, 11, 2 |