12Mg24.305
Magnesium
Alkaline Earth Metal
Solid at STP
Period 3Group 2Block SDiscovered 1808
[Ne]3s2
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe.
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Atomic Properties
| Atomic Number | 12 |
| Atomic Mass | 24.305 u |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne]3s2 |
| Oxidation States | +2 |
| Electronegativity | 1.31 (Pauling) |
| Atomic Radius | 173 pm |
| Ionization Energy | 7.646 eV |
| Block | S |
Physical Properties
| Appearance | shiny grey solid |
| Standard State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 923 K (649.9 °C) |
| Boiling Point | 1363 K (1089.8 °C) |
| Density | 1.74 g/cm³ |
| Molar Heat | 24.869 J/(mol·K) |
| CPK Color | #8AFF00 |
Classification
| Category | Alkaline Earth Metal |
| Group Block | Alkaline earth metal |
| Period | 3 |
| Group | 2 |
| Block | S |
Discovery
| Year Discovered | 1808 |
| Discovered By | Joseph Black |
| Electron Shells | 2, 8, 2 |